If you tilt the flattened palm of your hand upward, at a positive angle to the airstream, your arm swings upward. This is simply action and reaction, and follows Sir Isaac Newton's third law of motion, which states that "for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction." This law can be demonstrated by extending your arm out the window of a fast-moving car. This downward flow of air, or downwash, causes the wing to move upward in response. One way in which a wing produces lift is by deflecting air downward. In simple terms, a wing generates lift primarily by using two proven principles. This lift counteracts the weight of the airplane, enabling the airplane to fly. When a wing moves through the air, it produces lift, which is one of the four forces of flight. For example, a bird's wing is an airfoil, and although less apparent, a fish's body is also shaped like an airfoil. This airfoil shape is commonly seen in nature. A wing is an airfoil, which means its shape, or section, is designed to interact with a fluid, in this case air. To understand how a wing stalls, we must first understand how a wing produces lift. A stall is an aerodynamic condition whereby the smooth airflow over the top of the wing is disrupted, resulting in a loss of lift.Īirflow over a wing contributes to lift at normal angles of attack (left) exceed the critical angle of attack, however, and airflow separates from the upper wing surface-rapidly decreasing lift and stalling the wing (right). When you stall an airplane, the propeller doesn't stop turning, and the engine doesn't cough and quit. Unlike a car, a stall in an airplane has nothing to do with the engine, but everything to do with the wing. What exactly is a stall? To answer that, let's first talk about what a stall is not. Whether it's a general aviation trainer or the paper airplane, a stall is a transient condition given enough altitude, a properly designed airplane will recover without any pilot input.
And if you were really paying attention, you also learned a lesson about stalls and airplane stability. Have you ever thrown a paper airplane into the air, watched it zoom upward, pause, then pitch down and glide back to Earth? If so, you've seen an airplane stall.
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